Considering equity in our solutions

from lokigi.site import SiteProblem
import pandas as pd
problem = SiteProblem()
problem.add_demand("../../../sample_data/brighton_demand.csv", demand_col="demand", location_id_col="LSOA")
problem.add_sites("../../../sample_data/brighton_sites_existing.geojson", candidate_id_col="site")
problem.add_travel_matrix(
    travel_matrix_df="../../../sample_data/brighton_travel_matrix_driving.csv",
    source_col="LSOA",
    from_unit="seconds",
    to_unit="minutes"
    )
problem.add_region_geometry_layer(
    "https://github.com/hsma-programme/h6_3d_facility_location_problems/raw/refs/heads/main/h6_3d_facility_location_problems/example_code/LSOA_2011_Boundaries_Super_Generalised_Clipped_BSC_EW_V4.geojson",
    common_col="LSOA11NM"
    )

This time, we will add a new set of equity data.

Before we add it to our problem, let’s load in our equity dataset normally and have a look at it.

This dataset has come from the UK government open geography portal and is licenced under the open government licence. You can take a look at it here.

equity_df = pd.read_csv("../../../sample_data/Index_of_Multiple_Deprivation_(Dec_2015)_Lookup_in_England.csv")

equity_df.head()
ObjectId LSOA11CD LSOA11NM IMD15
0 1 E01021988 Tendring 018A 1
1 2 E01012673 Blackpool 010A 2
2 3 E01012681 Blackpool 006A 3
3 4 E01024657 Thanet 001A 4
4 5 E01012751 Blackpool 013D 5 
equity_df.tail()
ObjectId LSOA11CD LSOA11NM IMD15
32839 32840 E01028400 Rushcliffe 008D 32840
32840 32841 E01022863 Hart 007B 32841
32841 32842 E01016695 Wokingham 002F 32842
32842 32843 E01016676 Wokingham 001B 32843
32843 32844 E01016709 Wokingham 020E 32844

It looks like the IMD15 ranks every single LSOA. That’s fine - we can ask lokigi to turn it into deciles for us!

We know that in this dataset, 1 = most deprived and 32844 = least deprived, so we set reverse=False (which is the default).

problem.add_equity_data(
    "../../../sample_data/Index_of_Multiple_Deprivation_(Dec_2015)_Lookup_in_England.csv",
    equity_col="IMD15",
    common_col="LSOA11NM",
    label="Indices of Multiple Deprivation",
    continuous_measure=True,
    reverse=False
    )

Let’s see what our dataset looks like after loading it in.

problem.show_equity_data()
LSOA11NM IMD15 IMD15_raw
0 Tendring 018A 1 1
1 Blackpool 010A 1 2
2 Blackpool 006A 1 3
3 Thanet 001A 1 4
4 Blackpool 013D 1 5
... ... ... ...
32839 Rushcliffe 008D 10 32840
32840 Hart 007B 10 32841
32841 Wokingham 002F 10 32842
32842 Wokingham 001B 10 32843
32843 Wokingham 020E 10 32844

32844 rows × 3 columns

We can see we have the original column, but also a new column that has classified this data into deciles.

Let’s now plot this using our .plot_region_geometry_layer() method. We’ll set plot_equity to True.

problem.plot_region_geometry_layer(plot_equity=True, linewidth=0.03)

However, this is not that useful to us as it’s very zoomed out and showing the whole dataset (as our region geometry layer is for the whole of England too).

However, we have passed in demand data for only our region of interest, so if we set ‘plot_region_of_interest_only’ to True, it will limit the output plot to that region.

problem.plot_region_geometry_layer(
    plot_equity=True,
    plot_region_of_interest_only=True
    )

We can change the colourmap to something else.

problem.plot_region_geometry_layer(
    plot_equity=True,
    plot_region_of_interest_only=True,
    cmap="magma"
    )

We can also opt to plot it in an interactive format instead.

problem.plot_region_geometry_layer(
    plot_equity=True,
    plot_region_of_interest_only=True,
    interactive=True
    )
Make this Notebook Trusted to load map: File -> Trust Notebook

Let’s now solve the problem.

solutions = problem.solve(p=4, objectives="p_median", threshold_for_coverage=10)
solutions.show_solutions()
solution_rank site_names site_indices unselected_site_names coverage_threshold weighted_average unweighted_average 90th_percentile max weighted_average_for_ranking ... gap_absolute_weighted gap_relative_weighted avg_lower_third_bins avg_middle_third_bins avg_upper_third_bins inter_tertile_ratio gap_absolute_description gap_relative_description inter_tertile_description problem_df
0 1 [Site 1, Site 3, Site 4, Site 5] [0, 2, 3, 4] [Site 2, Site 6] 10 5.08 5.12 7.82 16.69 5.08 ... 2.63 1.72 5.17 4.66 5.54 0.93 Spread of 2.6 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 72%... Slightly Progressive (Most deprived travel 7% ... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
1 2 [Site 3, Site 4, Site 5, Site 6] [2, 3, 4, 5] [Site 1, Site 2] 10 5.11 5.05 7.42 16.69 5.11 ... 2.44 1.66 5.22 4.76 4.55 1.15 Spread of 2.4 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 66%... Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 15%... LSOA     Site 3     Sit...
2 3 [Site 2, Site 3, Site 4, Site 6] [1, 2, 3, 5] [Site 1, Site 5] 10 5.20 5.07 7.75 16.69 5.20 ... 2.75 1.76 5.40 4.72 4.42 1.22 Spread of 2.8 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 76%... Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 22%... LSOA     Site 2     Sit...
3 4 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, Site 4] [0, 1, 2, 3] [Site 5, Site 6] 10 5.22 5.21 8.34 16.69 5.22 ... 2.80 1.77 5.37 4.67 5.61 0.96 Spread of 2.8 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 77%... Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal) LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
4 5 [Site 1, Site 3, Site 4, Site 6] [0, 2, 3, 5] [Site 2, Site 5] 10 5.23 5.19 8.06 16.69 5.23 ... 2.76 1.76 5.38 4.73 5.50 0.98 Spread of 2.8 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 76%... Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal) LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
5 6 [Site 2, Site 3, Site 4, Site 5] [1, 2, 3, 4] [Site 1, Site 6] 10 5.28 5.33 8.32 16.69 5.28 ... 2.10 1.49 5.35 4.95 5.46 0.98 Spread of 2.1 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 49%... Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal) LSOA     Site 2     Sit...
6 7 [Site 1, Site 3, Site 5, Site 6] [0, 2, 4, 5] [Site 2, Site 4] 10 6.05 5.90 9.07 16.69 6.05 ... 3.29 1.88 6.17 5.88 4.65 1.33 Spread of 3.3 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 88%... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 33% l... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
7 8 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, Site 6] [0, 1, 2, 5] [Site 4, Site 5] 10 6.14 5.92 9.33 16.69 6.14 ... 3.60 1.99 6.35 5.83 4.52 1.40 Spread of 3.6 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 99%... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 40% l... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
8 9 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, Site 5] [0, 1, 2, 4] [Site 4, Site 6] 10 6.24 6.17 9.69 16.69 6.24 ... 2.65 1.58 6.31 6.07 5.49 1.15 Spread of 2.7 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 58%... Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 15%... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
9 10 [Site 2, Site 3, Site 5, Site 6] [1, 2, 4, 5] [Site 1, Site 4] 10 6.33 6.17 9.26 16.69 6.33 ... 3.74 2.09 6.43 6.25 4.49 1.43 Spread of 3.7 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 109... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 43% l... LSOA     Site 2     Sit...
10 11 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 4, Site 5] [0, 1, 3, 4] [Site 3, Site 6] 10 6.63 6.43 11.32 21.71 6.63 ... 4.23 1.97 6.86 6.05 5.71 1.20 Spread of 4.2 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 97%... Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 20%... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
11 12 [Site 2, Site 4, Site 5, Site 6] [1, 3, 4, 5] [Site 1, Site 3] 10 6.66 6.37 11.32 21.71 6.66 ... 5.34 2.55 6.91 6.16 4.72 1.46 Spread of 5.3 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 155... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 46% l... LSOA     Site 2     Sit...
12 13 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 4, Site 6] [0, 1, 3, 5] [Site 3, Site 5] 10 6.83 6.48 11.58 22.86 6.83 ... 5.49 2.52 7.19 6.10 4.92 1.46 Spread of 5.5 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 152... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 46% l... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
13 14 [Site 1, Site 4, Site 5, Site 6] [0, 3, 4, 5] [Site 2, Site 3] 10 6.91 6.56 12.26 21.71 6.91 ... 5.68 2.53 7.20 6.34 4.98 1.44 Spread of 5.7 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 153... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 44% l... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...
14 15 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 5, Site 6] [0, 1, 4, 5] [Site 3, Site 4] 10 7.67 7.27 11.67 21.71 7.67 ... 5.34 2.55 7.95 7.29 4.82 1.65 Spread of 5.3 minutes between best and worst g... Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 155... Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 65% l... LSOA     Site 1     Sit...

15 rows × 37 columns

The equity verdict columns above (gap_absolute_description, gap_relative_description, inter_tertile_description) are plain-English sentences, but pandas’ default display truncates any string column wider than 50 characters with “…”, so they get cut off mid-sentence in the raw table above. show_solutions_summary() surfaces the same verdicts as a few named columns instead; setting display.max_colwidth once keeps them from being cut off.

pd.set_option("display.max_colwidth", None)  # so long text columns aren't cut off with "..."

solutions.show_solutions_summary()[[
    "Equity gap (mins, best vs worst group)",
    "Equity verdict (best vs worst group)",
    "Equity verdict (most vs least deprived third)",
    ]]
Equity gap (mins, best vs worst group) Equity verdict (best vs worst group) Equity verdict (most vs least deprived third)
0 2.6 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 72% longer) Slightly Progressive (Most deprived travel 7% shorter)
1 2.4 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 66% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 15% longer)
2 2.8 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 76% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 22% longer)
3 2.8 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 77% longer) Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal)
4 2.8 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 76% longer) Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal)
5 2.1 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 49% longer) Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal)
6 3.3 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 88% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 33% longer)
7 3.6 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 99% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 40% longer)
8 2.7 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 58% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 15% longer)
9 3.7 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 109% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 43% longer)
10 4.2 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 97% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 20% longer)
11 5.3 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 155% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 46% longer)
12 5.5 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 152% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 46% longer)
13 5.7 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 153% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 44% longer)
14 5.3 Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 155% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 65% longer)

Notice above that some columns – weighted_by_equity_group, unweighted_by_equity_group, coverage_by_equity_group, and max_cost_by_equity_group – hold a dict per solution, one entry per equity group. That is compact, but it is awkward to work with: you cannot sort, filter, or export it directly, and it will not survive a round-trip through CSV.

coverage_by_equity_group is demand-weighted, like its headline sibling proportion_within_coverage_threshold – there’s also a coverage_regions_by_equity_group counterpart that counts regions equally instead. See the regional vs. demand-weighted coverage example for how the two can differ.

show_solutions() can expand these into their own columns instead, named <column>__<group>, via expand_dict_columns=True.

solutions.show_solutions(expand_dict_columns=True)
solution_rank site_names site_indices unselected_site_names coverage_threshold weighted_average unweighted_average 90th_percentile max weighted_average_for_ranking ... gap_absolute_weighted gap_relative_weighted avg_lower_third_bins avg_middle_third_bins avg_upper_third_bins inter_tertile_ratio gap_absolute_description gap_relative_description inter_tertile_description problem_df
0 1 [Site 1, Site 3, Site 4, Site 5] [0, 2, 3, 4] [Site 2, Site 6] 10 5.08 5.12 7.82 16.69 5.08 ... 2.63 1.72 5.17 4.66 5.54 0.93 Spread of 2.6 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 72% longer) Slightly Progressive (Most deprived travel 7% shorter) LSOA     Site 1     Site 3     Site 4     Site 5  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   7.404833   8.197500  10.125667   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.626167   9.351167   9.649500   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667   8.633000   6.840000  11.353833   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  11.006000   6.328667  12.193000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  10.970000   5.216667  12.408333   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  18.468500   8.652667  10.433667   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  16.804000   9.490000   8.769167   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  18.876667   8.952500  10.841833   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  18.432167  11.068500  10.397333   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  17.232333   9.918333   9.197500        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.626167        Site 3              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  7.830000        Site 1              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  9.458167        Site 1              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  8.258333        Site 1              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
1 2 [Site 3, Site 4, Site 5, Site 6] [2, 3, 4, 5] [Site 1, Site 2] 10 5.11 5.05 7.42 16.69 5.11 ... 2.44 1.66 5.22 4.76 4.55 1.15 Spread of 2.4 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 66% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 15% longer) LSOA     Site 3     Site 4     Site 5    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E   7.404833   8.197500  10.125667  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F   8.626167   9.351167   9.649500  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A   8.633000   6.840000  11.353833  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  11.006000   6.328667  12.193000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  10.970000   5.216667  12.408333  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A  18.468500   8.652667  10.433667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C  16.804000   9.490000   8.769167  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B  18.876667   8.952500  10.841833  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A  18.432167  11.068500  10.397333  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B  17.232333   9.918333   9.197500  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.626167        Site 3              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.463000        Site 6              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.871000        Site 6              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
2 3 [Site 2, Site 3, Site 4, Site 6] [1, 2, 3, 5] [Site 1, Site 5] 10 5.20 5.07 7.75 16.69 5.20 ... 2.75 1.76 5.40 4.72 4.42 1.22 Spread of 2.8 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 76% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 22% longer) LSOA     Site 2     Site 3     Site 4    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E   8.794833   7.404833   8.197500  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F   8.318500   8.626167   9.351167  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  10.023000   8.633000   6.840000  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  10.862000  11.006000   6.328667  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.077500  10.970000   5.216667  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A  14.745000  18.468500   8.652667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C  13.080500  16.804000   9.490000  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B  15.153000  18.876667   8.952500  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A  14.708667  18.432167  11.068500  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B  13.508833  17.232333   9.918333  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.463000        Site 6              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.871000        Site 6              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
3 4 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, Site 4] [0, 1, 2, 3] [Site 5, Site 6] 10 5.22 5.21 8.34 16.69 5.22 ... 2.80 1.77 5.37 4.67 5.61 0.96 Spread of 2.8 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 77% longer) Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal) LSOA     Site 1     Site 2     Site 3     Site 4  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.794833   7.404833   8.197500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.318500   8.626167   9.351167   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667  10.023000   8.633000   6.840000   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  10.862000  11.006000   6.328667   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  11.077500  10.970000   5.216667   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  14.745000  18.468500   8.652667   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  13.080500  16.804000   9.490000   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  15.153000  18.876667   8.952500   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  14.708667  18.432167  11.068500   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  13.508833  17.232333   9.918333        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  7.830000        Site 1              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  9.458167        Site 1              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  8.258333        Site 1              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
4 5 [Site 1, Site 3, Site 4, Site 6] [0, 2, 3, 5] [Site 2, Site 5] 10 5.23 5.19 8.06 16.69 5.23 ... 2.76 1.76 5.38 4.73 5.50 0.98 Spread of 2.8 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 76% longer) Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal) LSOA     Site 1     Site 3     Site 4    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   7.404833   8.197500  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.626167   9.351167  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667   8.633000   6.840000  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  11.006000   6.328667  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  10.970000   5.216667  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  18.468500   8.652667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  16.804000   9.490000  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  18.876667   8.952500  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  18.432167  11.068500  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  17.232333   9.918333  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.626167        Site 3              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
5 6 [Site 2, Site 3, Site 4, Site 5] [1, 2, 3, 4] [Site 1, Site 6] 10 5.28 5.33 8.32 16.69 5.28 ... 2.10 1.49 5.35 4.95 5.46 0.98 Spread of 2.1 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 49% longer) Balanced (Macro travel times are broadly equal) LSOA     Site 2     Site 3     Site 4     Site 5  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E   8.794833   7.404833   8.197500  10.125667   1    Brighton and Hove 027F   8.318500   8.626167   9.351167   9.649500   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  10.023000   8.633000   6.840000  11.353833   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  10.862000  11.006000   6.328667  12.193000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.077500  10.970000   5.216667  12.408333   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A  14.745000  18.468500   8.652667  10.433667   161  Brighton and Hove 005C  13.080500  16.804000   9.490000   8.769167   162  Brighton and Hove 012B  15.153000  18.876667   8.952500  10.841833   163  Brighton and Hove 005A  14.708667  18.432167  11.068500  10.397333   164  Brighton and Hove 005B  13.508833  17.232333   9.918333   9.197500         min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand  \ 0     7.404833        Site 3              True    3627   1     8.318500        Site 2              True    2323   2     6.840000        Site 4              True    2596   3     6.328667        Site 4              True    3132   4     5.216667        Site 4              True    2883   ..         ...           ...               ...     ...   160   8.652667        Site 4              True    2497   161   8.769167        Site 5              True    2570   162   8.952500        Site 4              True    2051   163  10.397333        Site 5             False    1164   164   9.197500        Site 5              True    1097                      LSOA11NM  IMD15  IMD15_raw   0    Brighton and Hove 027E      2       5040   1    Brighton and Hove 027F      3       9104   2    Brighton and Hove 027A      3       7483   3    Brighton and Hove 029E      2       6218   4    Brighton and Hove 029D      3       7018   ..                      ...    ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A      3       8891   161  Brighton and Hove 005C      2       5951   162  Brighton and Hove 012B      3       8814   163  Brighton and Hove 005A      7      21094   164  Brighton and Hove 005B      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
6 7 [Site 1, Site 3, Site 5, Site 6] [0, 2, 4, 5] [Site 2, Site 4] 10 6.05 5.90 9.07 16.69 6.05 ... 3.29 1.88 6.17 5.88 4.65 1.33 Spread of 3.3 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 88% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 33% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 3     Site 5    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   7.404833  10.125667  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.626167   9.649500  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667   8.633000  11.353833  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  11.006000  12.193000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  10.970000  12.408333  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  18.468500  10.433667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  16.804000   8.769167  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  18.876667  10.841833  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  18.432167  10.397333  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  17.232333   9.197500  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.626167        Site 3              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    8.633000        Site 3              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    9.293000        Site 6              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    9.508500        Site 6              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
7 8 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, Site 6] [0, 1, 2, 5] [Site 4, Site 5] 10 6.14 5.92 9.33 16.69 6.14 ... 3.60 1.99 6.35 5.83 4.52 1.40 Spread of 3.6 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 99% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 40% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 2     Site 3    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.794833   7.404833  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.318500   8.626167  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667  10.023000   8.633000  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  10.862000  11.006000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  11.077500  10.970000  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  14.745000  18.468500  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  13.080500  16.804000  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  15.153000  18.876667  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  14.708667  18.432167  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  13.508833  17.232333  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    8.633000        Site 3              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    9.293000        Site 6              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    9.508500        Site 6              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
8 9 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, Site 5] [0, 1, 2, 4] [Site 4, Site 6] 10 6.24 6.17 9.69 16.69 6.24 ... 2.65 1.58 6.31 6.07 5.49 1.15 Spread of 2.7 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 58% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 15% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 2     Site 3     Site 5  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.794833   7.404833  10.125667   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.318500   8.626167   9.649500   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667  10.023000   8.633000  11.353833   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  10.862000  11.006000  12.193000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  11.077500  10.970000  12.408333   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  14.745000  18.468500  10.433667   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  13.080500  16.804000   8.769167   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  15.153000  18.876667  10.841833   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  14.708667  18.432167  10.397333   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  13.508833  17.232333   9.197500         min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand  \ 0     7.404833        Site 3              True    3627   1     8.318500        Site 2              True    2323   2     8.633000        Site 3              True    2596   3    10.862000        Site 2             False    3132   4    10.970000        Site 3             False    2883   ..         ...           ...               ...     ...   160   7.442333        Site 1              True    2497   161   7.830000        Site 1              True    2570   162   7.742167        Site 1              True    2051   163   9.458167        Site 1              True    1164   164   8.258333        Site 1              True    1097                      LSOA11NM  IMD15  IMD15_raw   0    Brighton and Hove 027E      2       5040   1    Brighton and Hove 027F      3       9104   2    Brighton and Hove 027A      3       7483   3    Brighton and Hove 029E      2       6218   4    Brighton and Hove 029D      3       7018   ..                      ...    ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A      3       8891   161  Brighton and Hove 005C      2       5951   162  Brighton and Hove 012B      3       8814   163  Brighton and Hove 005A      7      21094   164  Brighton and Hove 005B      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
9 10 [Site 2, Site 3, Site 5, Site 6] [1, 2, 4, 5] [Site 1, Site 4] 10 6.33 6.17 9.26 16.69 6.33 ... 3.74 2.09 6.43 6.25 4.49 1.43 Spread of 3.7 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 109% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 43% longer) LSOA     Site 2     Site 3     Site 5    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E   8.794833   7.404833  10.125667  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F   8.318500   8.626167   9.649500  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  10.023000   8.633000  11.353833  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  10.862000  11.006000  12.193000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.077500  10.970000  12.408333  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A  14.745000  18.468500  10.433667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C  13.080500  16.804000   8.769167  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B  15.153000  18.876667  10.841833  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A  14.708667  18.432167  10.397333  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B  13.508833  17.232333   9.197500  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    7.404833        Site 3              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    8.633000        Site 3              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    9.293000        Site 6              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    9.508500        Site 6              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.463000        Site 6              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.871000        Site 6              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
10 11 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 4, Site 5] [0, 1, 3, 4] [Site 3, Site 6] 10 6.63 6.43 11.32 21.71 6.63 ... 4.23 1.97 6.86 6.05 5.71 1.20 Spread of 4.2 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 97% longer) Slightly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 20% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 2     Site 4     Site 5  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.794833   8.197500  10.125667   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.318500   9.351167   9.649500   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667  10.023000   6.840000  11.353833   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  10.862000   6.328667  12.193000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  11.077500   5.216667  12.408333   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...        ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  14.745000   8.652667  10.433667   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  13.080500   9.490000   8.769167   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  15.153000   8.952500  10.841833   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  14.708667  11.068500  10.397333   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  13.508833   9.918333   9.197500        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    8.197500        Site 4              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  7.830000        Site 1              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  9.458167        Site 1              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  8.258333        Site 1              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
11 12 [Site 2, Site 4, Site 5, Site 6] [1, 3, 4, 5] [Site 1, Site 3] 10 6.66 6.37 11.32 21.71 6.66 ... 5.34 2.55 6.91 6.16 4.72 1.46 Spread of 5.3 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 155% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 46% longer) LSOA     Site 2     Site 4     Site 5    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E   8.794833   8.197500  10.125667  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F   8.318500   9.351167   9.649500  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  10.023000   6.840000  11.353833  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  10.862000   6.328667  12.193000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.077500   5.216667  12.408333  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A  14.745000   8.652667  10.433667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C  13.080500   9.490000   8.769167  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B  15.153000   8.952500  10.841833  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A  14.708667  11.068500  10.397333  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B  13.508833   9.918333   9.197500  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    8.197500        Site 4              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.463000        Site 6              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.871000        Site 6              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
12 13 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 4, Site 6] [0, 1, 3, 5] [Site 3, Site 5] 10 6.83 6.48 11.58 22.86 6.83 ... 5.49 2.52 7.19 6.10 4.92 1.46 Spread of 5.5 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 152% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 46% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 2     Site 4    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.794833   8.197500  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.318500   9.351167  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667  10.023000   6.840000  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  10.862000   6.328667  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  11.077500   5.216667  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  14.745000   8.652667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  13.080500   9.490000  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  15.153000   8.952500  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  14.708667  11.068500  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  13.508833   9.918333  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    8.197500        Site 4              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
13 14 [Site 1, Site 4, Site 5, Site 6] [0, 3, 4, 5] [Site 2, Site 3] 10 6.91 6.56 12.26 21.71 6.91 ... 5.68 2.53 7.20 6.34 4.98 1.44 Spread of 5.7 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 153% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 44% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 4     Site 5    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.197500  10.125667  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   9.351167   9.649500  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667   6.840000  11.353833  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667   6.328667  12.193000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500   5.216667  12.408333  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333   8.652667  10.433667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000   9.490000   8.769167  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167   8.952500  10.841833  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  11.068500  10.397333  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333   9.918333   9.197500  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    8.197500        Site 4              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.972833        Site 6              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    6.840000        Site 4              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    6.328667        Site 4              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    5.216667        Site 4              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]
14 15 [Site 1, Site 2, Site 5, Site 6] [0, 1, 4, 5] [Site 3, Site 4] 10 7.67 7.27 11.67 21.71 7.67 ... 5.34 2.55 7.95 7.29 4.82 1.65 Spread of 5.3 minutes between best and worst groups Significant Disparity (Worst group travels 155% longer) Highly Inequitable (Most deprived travel 65% longer) LSOA     Site 1     Site 2     Site 5    Site 6  \ 0    Brighton and Hove 027E  12.898833   8.794833  10.125667  9.248500   1    Brighton and Hove 027F  12.623167   8.318500   9.649500  8.972833   2    Brighton and Hove 027A  12.720667  10.023000  11.353833  9.289167   3    Brighton and Hove 029E  12.393667  10.862000  12.193000  9.293000   4    Brighton and Hove 029D  11.097500  11.077500  12.408333  9.508500   ..                      ...        ...        ...        ...       ...   160  Brighton and Hove 012A   7.442333  14.745000  10.433667  7.463000   161  Brighton and Hove 005C   7.830000  13.080500   8.769167  5.798500   162  Brighton and Hove 012B   7.742167  15.153000  10.841833  7.871000   163  Brighton and Hove 005A   9.458167  14.708667  10.397333  7.426667   164  Brighton and Hove 005B   8.258333  13.508833   9.197500  6.226833        min_cost selected_site  within_threshold  demand                LSOA11NM  \ 0    8.794833        Site 2              True    3627  Brighton and Hove 027E   1    8.318500        Site 2              True    2323  Brighton and Hove 027F   2    9.289167        Site 6              True    2596  Brighton and Hove 027A   3    9.293000        Site 6              True    3132  Brighton and Hove 029E   4    9.508500        Site 6              True    2883  Brighton and Hove 029D   ..        ...           ...               ...     ...                     ...   160  7.442333        Site 1              True    2497  Brighton and Hove 012A   161  5.798500        Site 6              True    2570  Brighton and Hove 005C   162  7.742167        Site 1              True    2051  Brighton and Hove 012B   163  7.426667        Site 6              True    1164  Brighton and Hove 005A   164  6.226833        Site 6              True    1097  Brighton and Hove 005B        IMD15  IMD15_raw   0        2       5040   1        3       9104   2        3       7483   3        2       6218   4        3       7018   ..     ...        ...   160      3       8891   161      2       5951   162      3       8814   163      7      21094   164      7      20761   [165 rows x 12 columns]

15 rows × 100 columns

By default this only affects the DataFrame that is returned – the underlying solution_df is untouched, so you can call show_solutions() again without the flag and get the compact version back.

If you would like the expansion to stick – e.g. because you are about to export solution_df to CSV, or want to sort_by a specific equity group’s column – pass inplace=True as well, and it is written back onto solution_df permanently.

solutions.show_solutions(expand_dict_columns=True, inplace=True)
[c for c in solutions.solution_df.columns if "equity_group" in c]
['weighted_by_equity_group__1',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__2',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__3',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__4',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__5',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__6',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__7',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__8',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__9',
 'weighted_by_equity_group__10',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__1',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__2',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__3',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__4',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__5',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__6',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__7',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__8',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__9',
 'unweighted_by_equity_group__10',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__1',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__2',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__3',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__4',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__5',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__6',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__7',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__8',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__9',
 'coverage_by_equity_group__10',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__1',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__2',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__3',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__4',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__5',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__6',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__7',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__8',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__9',
 'coverage_regions_by_equity_group__10',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__1',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__2',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__3',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__4',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__5',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__6',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__7',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__8',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__9',
 'max_cost_by_equity_group__10',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__1',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__2',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__3',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__4',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__5',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__6',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__7',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__8',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__9',
 'regions_unreachable_by_equity_group__10',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__1',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__2',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__3',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__4',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__5',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__6',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__7',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__8',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__9',
 'demand_unreachable_by_equity_group__10']

You can also look at the problem dataframe for each individual solution. Doing this, we can see that we have retained the IMD15 decile and raw ranking for each LSOA, which can support custom plots.

example_problem_df = solutions.show_solutions()["problem_df"].iloc[0]
example_problem_df
LSOA Site 1 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 min_cost selected_site within_threshold demand LSOA11NM IMD15 IMD15_raw
0 Brighton and Hove 027E 12.898833 7.404833 8.197500 10.125667 7.404833 Site 3 True 3627 Brighton and Hove 027E 2 5040
1 Brighton and Hove 027F 12.623167 8.626167 9.351167 9.649500 8.626167 Site 3 True 2323 Brighton and Hove 027F 3 9104
2 Brighton and Hove 027A 12.720667 8.633000 6.840000 11.353833 6.840000 Site 4 True 2596 Brighton and Hove 027A 3 7483
3 Brighton and Hove 029E 12.393667 11.006000 6.328667 12.193000 6.328667 Site 4 True 3132 Brighton and Hove 029E 2 6218
4 Brighton and Hove 029D 11.097500 10.970000 5.216667 12.408333 5.216667 Site 4 True 2883 Brighton and Hove 029D 3 7018
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
160 Brighton and Hove 012A 7.442333 18.468500 8.652667 10.433667 7.442333 Site 1 True 2497 Brighton and Hove 012A 3 8891
161 Brighton and Hove 005C 7.830000 16.804000 9.490000 8.769167 7.830000 Site 1 True 2570 Brighton and Hove 005C 2 5951
162 Brighton and Hove 012B 7.742167 18.876667 8.952500 10.841833 7.742167 Site 1 True 2051 Brighton and Hove 012B 3 8814
163 Brighton and Hove 005A 9.458167 18.432167 11.068500 10.397333 9.458167 Site 1 True 1164 Brighton and Hove 005A 7 21094
164 Brighton and Hove 005B 8.258333 17.232333 9.918333 9.197500 8.258333 Site 1 True 1097 Brighton and Hove 005B 7 20761

165 rows × 12 columns

We can also then use this to conduct some additional groupings if they are not provided in the solution level dataframe, though this one is.

example_problem_df.groupby("IMD15")['min_cost'].agg("mean").round(2).reset_index()
IMD15 min_cost
0 1 4.74
1 2 6.23
2 3 5.50
3 4 4.14
4 5 3.61
5 6 4.47
6 7 5.63
7 8 6.30
8 9 5.49
9 10 4.90

The check_solution_equity() method can do this automatically for the mean.

solutions.check_solution_equity()
IMD15 min_cost
0 1 4.74
1 2 6.23
2 3 5.50
3 4 4.14
4 5 3.61
5 6 4.47
6 7 5.63
7 8 6.30
8 9 5.49
9 10 4.90

And we can also opt to explore this as a plot.

solutions.check_solution_equity(return_plot=True)
solutions.check_solution_equity(return_plot=True, interactive=False);

solutions.check_solution_equity(return_plot=True, interactive=False, colour_mode="gradient");

solutions.check_solution_equity(return_plot=True, interactive=False, colour_mode="above_below_avg");

solutions.plot_top_n_solution_equity(cols=5, n=10);

solutions.plot_top_n_solution_equity(cols=5, n=10, colour_mode="above_below_avg");

We can see for example that solution 2 is slightly worse for the most deprived group (IMD 1) than solution 1.

example_problem_df
LSOA Site 1 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 min_cost selected_site within_threshold demand LSOA11NM IMD15 IMD15_raw
0 Brighton and Hove 027E 12.898833 7.404833 8.197500 10.125667 7.404833 Site 3 True 3627 Brighton and Hove 027E 2 5040
1 Brighton and Hove 027F 12.623167 8.626167 9.351167 9.649500 8.626167 Site 3 True 2323 Brighton and Hove 027F 3 9104
2 Brighton and Hove 027A 12.720667 8.633000 6.840000 11.353833 6.840000 Site 4 True 2596 Brighton and Hove 027A 3 7483
3 Brighton and Hove 029E 12.393667 11.006000 6.328667 12.193000 6.328667 Site 4 True 3132 Brighton and Hove 029E 2 6218
4 Brighton and Hove 029D 11.097500 10.970000 5.216667 12.408333 5.216667 Site 4 True 2883 Brighton and Hove 029D 3 7018
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
160 Brighton and Hove 012A 7.442333 18.468500 8.652667 10.433667 7.442333 Site 1 True 2497 Brighton and Hove 012A 3 8891
161 Brighton and Hove 005C 7.830000 16.804000 9.490000 8.769167 7.830000 Site 1 True 2570 Brighton and Hove 005C 2 5951
162 Brighton and Hove 012B 7.742167 18.876667 8.952500 10.841833 7.742167 Site 1 True 2051 Brighton and Hove 012B 3 8814
163 Brighton and Hove 005A 9.458167 18.432167 11.068500 10.397333 9.458167 Site 1 True 1164 Brighton and Hove 005A 7 21094
164 Brighton and Hove 005B 8.258333 17.232333 9.918333 9.197500 8.258333 Site 1 True 1097 Brighton and Hove 005B 7 20761

165 rows × 12 columns

solutions.plot_combination_by_equity();

We can also choose to limit this to just certain groups.

solutions.plot_combination_by_equity(groups_to_include=[1,10], figsize_multiplier=8);

We can also combine multiple groups to display in a single plot.

groupings = {
    "IMD15 Highest Deprivation": [1, 2],
    "IMD15 Mid-High": [3, 4, 5],
    "IMD15 Mid-Low": [6, 7, 8],
    "IMD15 Lowest Deprivation": [9, 10],
}

solutions.plot_combination_by_equity(groupings=groupings, figsize_multiplier=7, ncols=4);

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